Kisspeptin-10

Kisspeptin-10 is a synthetic decapeptide representing the biologically active C-terminal fragment of the full-length kisspeptin hormone (originally known as metastin). Kisspeptins are a family of peptides encoded by the KISS1 gene that play a master regulatory role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The discovery of kisspeptin's critical role in reproductive function is considered one of the most important advances in reproductive endocrinology of the past two decades.

Kisspeptin acts by binding to the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R, formerly GPR54) on GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) neurons in the hypothalamus. This binding stimulates the release of GnRH, which in turn triggers the pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Kisspeptin is essentially the upstream signal that initiates the entire reproductive hormone cascade.

Clinical research on kisspeptin-10 has focused primarily on its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in reproductive medicine. Studies at Imperial College London and other institutions have shown that kisspeptin-10 infusion can safely stimulate LH and FSH release in both men and women. In women undergoing IVF, kisspeptin has been studied as a potentially safer alternative to hCG for triggering final oocyte maturation, with a lower risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

In men, kisspeptin research has explored its potential for treating hypogonadism and assessing hypothalamic function. Research has also investigated kisspeptin's effects on sexual behavior, psychological well-being, and its potential role in puberty disorders.